FOCFHWTWD | KTU 2024 Scheme

Structure: Uses spinning Magnetic Platters, Track/Sector layout, and a mechanical Read/Write Head.
Performance: Limited by seek time and rotational latency.
Pros: Low cost per GB, high capacity.
Cons: Fragile, slow, noisy.

Structure: Uses NAND Flash Memory (Floating gate transistors). No moving parts.
Performance: Near-instant access (0.1ms latency).
Pros: Very fast, durable, silent, low power.
Cons: Expensive, limited write life (though high today).

Uses laser light to read "Pits and Lands":

Feature	HDD	SSD	Optical
Speed	Slow (~150MB/s)	Very Fast (500-7000MB/s)	Slowest
Durability	Low (Shock-sensitive)	High	Moderate
Capacity	Very High	High	Low/Medium
Cost	Lowest	Medium/High	Low

Technical Terms Breakdown

Sequential access storage used for long-term archival/backup in data centers.

Physical data organization on a magnetic platter disk.

The semiconductor transistor used to store data in SSD memory cells.

Uses a blue-violet laser with a shorter wavelength to pack data more densely.

Structure: Uses spinning Magnetic Platters, Track/Sector layout, and a mechanical Read/Write Head.
Performance: Limited by seek time and rotational latency.
Pros: Low cost per GB, high capacity.
Cons: Fragile, slow, noisy.

Structure: Uses NAND Flash Memory (Floating gate transistors). No moving parts.
Performance: Near-instant access (0.1ms latency).
Pros: Very fast, durable, silent, low power.
Cons: Expensive, limited write life (though high today).

Uses laser light to read "Pits and Lands":

Feature	HDD	SSD	Optical
Speed	Slow (~150MB/s)	Very Fast (500-7000MB/s)	Slowest
Durability	Low (Shock-sensitive)	High	Moderate
Capacity	Very High	High	Low/Medium
Cost	Lowest	Medium/High	Low

Storage Technologies: HDD vs SSD